Improved apparatus for heating air for blast-furnaces



Y 2 Sheets-5heet 1. H. DAVIES. APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR.

No. 33,521. Patent ed Oct. 2-2, 1861.

'lli 2 Sh eetsSheet 2.

H. DAVIES. APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR.

No. 38,521. Patented Oct. 22, 1861.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

HENRY DAVIES, OF PORTSMOUTH, .omo.

IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING AIR 'FOR BLAST-FURNACES, 64c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 33, 52l, dated october 22, 1861.

naces for smelting iron ore and for blowing cupola for melting iron,a'nd commonly called a hot-blast; and.I do hereby declare that the following is afull,-cle'ar, and exact description of the construction and operation of said apparatus or hot-blast, reference being had to theannexe'd drawings, making a part of this specification, in which elevation; Fig. 3, .a transverse section taken through Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a transverse section taken through Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a plan'in' section;"F1g. 6, a perspective view or the apparatus removed from the brick-work and frame- The same letters of reference .refer to the same parts-in the difierent views.

A A, Fig. 1, are. two stands supporting five boxes, .13 B BB B, by means of brackets cast onto said stands, and shown at E E E.

D D are covers, fifty in number, (in th'eplan as shown fitted into holes cast in the boxes.

B B B in the position indicated by the covers.

Each of said covers is held in its place by a crossbar, C C C, Fig. 1, and made tight by means of two bolts, one in each end of 'said' cross-bar. The opposite side of the apparatus has two stands, like those in front, but with boxes B and F The holes in the boxes into. which the pipes fit are bored out, and the endsof the pipes are turned true to fit tight into said holes. Theholes in the boxes B are larger than the'holes in 'the boxes F, and the end of the pipes at that end made larger to fit, so that any pipe may be taken out through the hole H in Figs. 4 and 6, one .of which is opposite the end of each pipe, and made a trifle larger than the large end of the pipe to allow said pipe to passtlirough into their places. 1 These holes H H H are the same as those covered by the covers D D D in Fig. 1. The boxes F F The four stands will be seen in sec-1 have each a hole cast near the center, on the outside, large enough to admit a mans hands, to enable him to fix the tackle to pu'tsaid pipes in or take them out when required. The pipe -I, Figs. 2 and 4, is'for the purpose of letting in the air to be heated, and the pipe 1?, same figures, is for conducting it away tothe tnyere.

J J J isa fire-brickwall, builtup inthe inside of the. boxes B and F, to protect said boxes and the joiningsbetwecn them and the pipes GG G from being-burned.

K K are two openings to admit the fire into the chimney containing the pipes. InFig. Figure l is a front elevation; Fig. 2, a side' 3 will be seen'a transverse section of these pipes, showing their relative position to each other and corresponding exactly with the covers D Din Fig. 1..

- J J J in'Fi-g. 3 is'the-fire-brick wall to protect the boxes FF, and from which will be seen the form of the brick to be used in the con struction of said wall.

L L L L, Figs. 2, 3, and 5, are doors closing four openings into the apparatus, to enable the workman to see what is going on and.

to sweep the pipes clean when required. At M M MM, Fig. 5, it will be seen that these door frames are connected with the frame which supports the boxes B and F, for the purpose of making it suificientlystrong.

N N N, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4,-is a'large casting resting upon the top of the stands A A A A, and bracing them, in their places. Said casting hasa large opening in the center for the chimney. The bottom of the standsshould have also a foundation-plate of the proper form to make'it strong and secure.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the pipes G G: G and boxes B and F put together, but entirely clear of the brick-work.

, At Fig. 4 in'the two top pipes G G are two screws, 0 O. Thesescre'ws' are castseparate from the pipe, and are put in their'placesafter tlie pipes are fixed. It is intended that there should. be one of these screws in each pipe. At'the small end of one. pipe or more in each tier of pipes a cross-bar and bolt passing through the boxes F F, with a nut 0nthe end, as shown at B, Fig. 1, should be used to secure the pipes in their proper places in the boxes; also, a small collar or taper on the opposite end of the pipes should be used for the same purpose. p I v Having described my invention, I will now proceed to describe the operation. The fire enters the' chimney containing the pipes through the-opening K K, Fig.- 4, and 1 makes its way up between the pipes; but as the second row of pipes are over thespaces of the first, it will be checked and compelled to take the direction of the arrows 'shown'in Fig. 3.

The air from the blowing-machine is introduced by the pipe I, Figs. 2 and 4, and takes thedirection of the arrow-through the lower row of pipes into the bottomof the box B, passes upward and enters the second row of pipes from the upper side of said box, and is conveyed-into-the lower part of the second box in the tier of boxes FF, and so onfrom the top of 'one box to the bottom of theone on the opposite side until it escapes at the pipe- P and is carried to the tuyere of the smelt-ingfurnace or cupola; I have'desc'ribed the air as entering at the bottom and passing out at the top; but it will be seen that it 'may enter "at the top and pass out at the bottom, and in some cases this may be preferred, as the hot air wouldleave at the hottest part of thepipes.

It will be seen that when the air passes through the pipes it will have to take a circu- .lar spiral course. This circular motion will produce centrifugal force, and 'asthe colder particles of air will be the heaviest, they, will be constantly thrown out againstthe inside of the pipes and displace or dislodge the hot partieles already heated, thereby increasing the heat of the blast and keeping the pipes cool.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The pipes G, boxes B and F, and covers 

